10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i03.pp1-9 registered
KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Resolves to https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/336
Held by Longman Publishers (India) · prefix 10.46243 live · DOI address https://doi.org/10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i03.pp1-9
Registered 29 Sep 2026 via crossref · record version 2 · last change 29 Sep 2026, 11:59 PM · record sha256 5891a3daa04382aa…
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What the DOI identifies
JournalArticle — an article in a journal · Digital · Visual · en
KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION (PrincipalTitle)
Published 2022-05-25
Part of Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · volume 7 · issue 3 · pages 1–9
Agents
- DattatrayaJirekar Pramila Ghumare (author)
- Longman Publishers (publisher)
Identifiers DOI 10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i03.pp1-9
Abstract
The Kardashev Scale is a method of measuring a civilization’s level of technological advancement based on the amount of energy they are able to use.Kardashev’s idea of classifying civilizations according to their ability to harness energy came up when he analysed how powerful an extra-terrestrial radio signal would have to be in order to be detected by conventional radio astronomical techniques. The numbers he came up with were quite high, and this furnished the basis of his tripartite division of civilizations into Type I, II, and III. Further scientists like Carl Sagan worked on finding out where exactly the earth stood in terms of usage of energy on the Kardashev Scale and came up with a formula for calculating the same. Physicist and futurist Michio Kaku suggested the number of years it would take the humans to attain Type I, II and III status if they consistently increased their energy consumption.Taking his study further, in this paper, based on time series algorithm, using such statistical tools as linear regression we try to calculate the year in which earth will attain Type I status. It was found that earth would reach Kardashev’s Type 1 status in 327 years’ time
System metadata — ISO 26324:2025, Annex B · DOI Handbook 10.1
Each element by the standard's name (Annex B: reference elements, then administrative) and the Handbook's (in grey), read off the record above.
| Element | Value | In the record |
|---|---|---|
| DOI Name DOI name | 10.46243/jst.2022.v7.i03.pp1-9 | doi |
| Referent Type referentType | Creation | referent |
| Referent Sub-Type referentSubType | JournalArticle — an article in a journal | type |
| Referent Name(s) referentName(s) | KINETIC AND THERMODYNAMIC STUDY OF REMOVAL OF CHROMIUM IONS FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION (PrincipalTitle, en) | titles |
| Basic Metadata basicMetadata | author: DattatrayaJirekar Pramila Ghumare publisher: Longman Publishers published: 2022-05-25 part of: Journal of Science & Technology · ISSN 2456-5660 · vol. 7 · no. 3 · pp. 1–9 language: en form: Digital · Visual · Language | agents, dates, container, language, structural_type, modes, characters |
| Referent Identifier(s) alternateIdentifier(s) | none besides the DOI | identifiers, relations (IsSameAs) |
| Registration Authority registrationAuthorityCode | Crossref — issued by Crossref (member 25296); held here as a copy | record.source_agency (our code, ra_doi_name, for names issued here once appointed) |
| Created Date issueDate | 2024-02-16 | record.registered (when the DOI name was first registered) |
| relatedIdentifiers | none needed — the descriptive metadata is in this record | container, relations (only where the descriptive metadata lives at another identifier) |
complete Every System Metadata element is here, with the basic metadata a journal article needs.
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History — the ledger
Every change to this DOI, in order, as it was recorded. Entries are only ever added, never changed or removed.
| # | When | What | By | Changes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 29 Sep 2026, 10:00 PM | register registered at Crossref; record read from api.crossref.org | Administrator (admin) | 65 fields set · sha256 21df1afa5fc7… |
| 2 | 29 Sep 2026, 11:59 PM | update record re-read from api.crossref.org | Administrator (admin) | container.titles.0.value: |
Machine-readable: the history as JSON, with the full record after each change.
