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                    "value": "In this project, I researched the kinematic analysis of robot arm. The kinematic analysis is the relationships between the positions, velocities, and accelerations of the links of a man ipulator. The kinematics is divided into two types, forward kinematics and inverse kinematics. In forward kinematics, the length of each link and the angle of each joint is given and we have to calculate the position of any point in the work volume of the robot. In inverse kinematics, the length of each link and position of the point in work volume is given and we have to calculate the angle of each joint.The forward kinematic analysis is not difficult to solve. It is solved by using simple homogeneous matr ices. On the other hand, the inverse kinematics is so hard to solve and it will be harder if we increase the degrees of freedom. There are different methods to solve the inverse kinematics. The analytic method and Jacobian method are well -known.In the project, I used the analytic method. In the thesis, I designed a prototype robot arm with 3 freedom degrees. User interface application was created in the personal computer and the data was sent to the hardware application board by using serial communication c able. The program that runs over the application board receives the data and operates. So the end -effecter can be moved to the position we want to go",
                    "lang": "en"
                },
                "license": {
                    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
                    "start": "2018-09-29",
                    "applies_to": "vor"
                },
                "references": [
                    {
                        "key": "ref1",
                        "doi": "10.1115/1.4011045",
                        "unstructured": "Denavit, J. & Hartenberg, R. S. (1955). A kinematic notation for lower-pair mechanisms based on matrices. Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol., 1 (June 1955) pp. 215-221"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref2",
                        "doi": "10.1109/70.56658",
                        "unstructured": "Funda, J.; Taylor, R. H. & Paul, R.P. (1990). On homogeneous transorms, quaternions, and computational efficiency. IEEE Trans.Robot. Automat., Vol., 6 (June 1990) pp. 382–388"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref3",
                        "doi": "10.1109/icmech.2004.1364451",
                        "unstructured": "Kucuk, S. & Bingul, Z. (2004). The Inverse Kinematics Solutions of Industrial Robot Manipulators, IEEE Conferance on Mechatronics, pp. 274-279, Turkey, June 2004, Istanbul"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref4",
                        "unstructured": "Craig, J. J. (1989). Introduction to Robotics Mechanics and Control, USA:AddisionWesley Publishing Company"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref5",
                        "unstructured": "Hamilton, W. R. (1869). Elements of quaternions, Vol., I & II, Newyork Chelsea"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref6",
                        "unstructured": "Salamin, E. (1979). Application of quaternions to computation with rotations. Tech., AI Lab, Stanford Univ., 1979 Kotelnikov, A. P. (1895). Screw calculus and some of its applications to geometry and mechanics. Annals of the Imperial University of Kazan"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref7",
                        "doi": "10.21236/ada125076",
                        "unstructured": "Pervin, E. & Webb, J. A. (1983). Quaternions for computer vision and robotics, In conference on computer vision and pattern recognition. pp 382-383, Washington, D.C"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref8",
                        "doi": "10.1109/jra.1987.1087138",
                        "unstructured": "Gu, Y.L. & Luh, J. (1987). Dual-number transformation and its application to robotics. IEEE J. Robot. Automat. Vol., 3, pp. 615-623"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref9",
                        "doi": "10.1002/rob.4620070408",
                        "unstructured": "Kim, J. H. & Kumar, V. R. (1990). Kinematics of robot manipulators via line transformations. J. Robot. Syst., Vol., 7, No., 4, pp. 649–674"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref10",
                        "doi": "10.1109/robot.2001.932589",
                        "unstructured": "Caccavale, F. & Siciliano, B. (2001). Quaternion-based kinematic control of redundant spacecraft/ manipulator systems, In proceedings of the 2001 IEEE international conference on robotics and automation, pp. 435-440"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref11",
                        "doi": "10.1109/robot.2002.1013351",
                        "unstructured": "Rueda, M. A. P.; Lara, A. L.; Marinero, J. C. F.; Urrecho, J. D. & Sanchez, J.L.G. (2002). Manipulator kinematic error model in a calibration process through quaternion-vector pairs, In proceedings of the 2002 IEEE international conference on robotics and automation, pp. 135-140"
                    }
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