{
    "ok": true,
    "doi": "10.46243/jstj.2018.v3.i2.166",
    "events": [
        {
            "seq": 1,
            "kind": "register",
            "at": "2026-09-29 22:00:33",
            "by": "Administrator (admin)",
            "by_kind": "user",
            "note": "registered at Crossref; record read from api.crossref.org",
            "changes": [
                {
                    "path": "abstract.lang",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "en"
                },
                {
                    "path": "abstract.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "In the recent development in civil engineering geopolymer is a binder like cement used to produce concrete to get sustainable durable concrete.The worldwide consumption of concrete is estimated to be aboutbillion tons per year. Due to the increase in infrastructural developments, the demand for concrete would increase in the future. The main objective of the study is to look into the shear behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete beams. Test specimens of 1200 mm ×150 mm × 100 mm size were used for the study. A 20-30% of Fly ash by the mass was replaced by GGBS. The variable used were percentage of steel fibre by volume fraction, viz., 0.0%, 0.5%, and 1%, and basalt fibre volume fraction, viz., 0.0%, 0.15%,and 0.3%. The concentration of sodium hydroxide was 12 Molar and 14 Molar in geopolymer concrete. For curing, temperature was fixed as 600C for 24 hours. The geopolymer specimens were cured by using steam curing chamber. The specimens were cured after the rest period of three days. A trail and error process was used to obtain proper mixture proportion for geopoymer concrete. The specimens were tested after the age of 7 days. The obtained results of Fly ash and GGBS -based hybrid fibre geopolymer concrete (F&GHGPC) specimens were compared with the only Fly ash-based hybrid fibre geopolymer concrete (FHGPC) specimens. Test results show that first crack load, ultimate load, energy absorption capacity, experimental shear strength and ductile characteristic of F&GHGPC geopolymer concrete specimens were higher than the FHGPC geopolymer concretespecimens"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.0.name.family",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "P Avinash"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.0.name.given",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": ""
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.0.role",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "author"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.0.sequence",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "first"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.1.name.family",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Ravikumar"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.1.name.given",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "C. Selin"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.1.role",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "author"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.1.sequence",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "additional"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.2.name.family",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Thandavamoorthy"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.2.name.given",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "T.S."
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.2.role",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "author"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.2.sequence",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "additional"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.3.name.org",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Longman Publishers"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.3.role",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "publisher"
                },
                {
                    "path": "characters.0",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Language"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.identifiers.0.medium",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "electronic"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.identifiers.0.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ISSN"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.identifiers.0.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2456-5660"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.issue",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "02"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.pages.first",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "21"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.pages.last",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "31"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.titles.0.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "PrincipalTitle"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.titles.0.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Journal of Science &amp; Technology"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Journal"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.volume",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "03"
                },
                {
                    "path": "dates.date_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "PublicationDate"
                },
                {
                    "path": "dates.online",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2018-03-01"
                },
                {
                    "path": "dates.published",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2018-03-01"
                },
                {
                    "path": "doi",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "10.46243/jstj.2018.v3.i2.166"
                },
                {
                    "path": "format",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0"
                },
                {
                    "path": "identifiers.0.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "DOI"
                },
                {
                    "path": "identifiers.0.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "10.46243/jstj.2018.v3.i2.166"
                },
                {
                    "path": "language",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "en"
                },
                {
                    "path": "license.applies_to",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "vor"
                },
                {
                    "path": "license.start",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2018-03-01"
                },
                {
                    "path": "license.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.0.primary",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": true
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.0.return_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "text/html"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.0.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/166"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.1.purpose",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "text-mining"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.1.return_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "application/pdf"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.1.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/166/144"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.2.purpose",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "text-mining"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.2.return_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "application/xml"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.2.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/166/3401"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.3.purpose",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "similarity-checking"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.3.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/166/144"
                },
                {
                    "path": "modes.0",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Visual"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.issue_number",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": 1
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.registered",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2026-09-07"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.registrant",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Longman Publishers"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.source",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "crossref-api"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.source_agency",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Crossref (member 25296)"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.updated",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2026-09-20"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.0.doi",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "10.17485/ijst/2012/v5i3.8"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.0.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref1"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.0.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Abdul Aleem and Arumairaj P.D., (2012), mix for the geopolymer concrete”, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol.5, No.3, pp.65-71"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.1.doi",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "10.14355/ijmme.2014.0303.02"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.1.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref2"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.1.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Ambily, Madheswaran, Sharmila, Muthiah, (2011), “Experimental and analytical investigations on shear behaviour of reinforced geopolymer concrete beams”, International journals of civil and structural engineering, Volume 2,No:2, pp.122-128 matrices”,Composites: Part B 67, pp. 233–238"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.2.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref3"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.2.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Davidovits.J (1994), “Properties Of Geopolymer Cements”, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Alkaline Cements and Concretes, KIEV Ukraine, pp.131-149"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.3.doi",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "10.5539/mas.v2n4p3"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.3.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref4"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.3.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Djwantoro Hardjito, Chua Chung Cheak, Carrie Ho Lee Ing, (2008), “Strength and Setting Times of Low Calcium Fly Ash-based Geopolymer Mortar”, Curtin University of Technology, Volume 2,no.4, pp. 357-362. 5.Fadhil Nuruddin.M, Samuel Demie, Fareed Ahmed.M and Nasir Shafiq, (2011), “Effect of 0Superplasticizer and NaOH Molarity on Workability, Compressive Strength and Microstructure Properties of Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, pp.163-171"
                },
                {
                    "path": "referent",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Creation"
                },
                {
                    "path": "structural_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Digital"
                },
                {
                    "path": "titles.0.lang",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "en"
                },
                {
                    "path": "titles.0.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "PrincipalTitle"
                },
                {
                    "path": "titles.0.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Strengh Properties Of Geopolimer Concrete"
                },
                {
                    "path": "type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "JournalArticle"
                }
            ],
            "record_after": {
                "format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
                "doi": "10.46243/jstj.2018.v3.i2.166",
                "referent": "Creation",
                "type": "JournalArticle",
                "structural_type": "Digital",
                "modes": [
                    "Visual"
                ],
                "characters": [
                    "Language"
                ],
                "titles": [
                    {
                        "value": "Strengh Properties Of Geopolimer Concrete",
                        "type": "PrincipalTitle",
                        "lang": "en"
                    }
                ],
                "identifiers": [
                    {
                        "type": "DOI",
                        "value": "10.46243/jstj.2018.v3.i2.166"
                    }
                ],
                "agents": [
                    {
                        "role": "author",
                        "name": {
                            "given": "",
                            "family": "P Avinash"
                        },
                        "sequence": "first"
                    },
                    {
                        "role": "author",
                        "name": {
                            "given": "C. Selin",
                            "family": "Ravikumar"
                        },
                        "sequence": "additional"
                    },
                    {
                        "role": "author",
                        "name": {
                            "given": "T.S.",
                            "family": "Thandavamoorthy"
                        },
                        "sequence": "additional"
                    },
                    {
                        "role": "publisher",
                        "name": {
                            "org": "Longman Publishers"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "dates": {
                    "published": "2018-03-01",
                    "date_type": "PublicationDate",
                    "online": "2018-03-01"
                },
                "language": "en",
                "container": {
                    "type": "Journal",
                    "titles": [
                        {
                            "value": "Journal of Science &amp; Technology",
                            "type": "PrincipalTitle"
                        }
                    ],
                    "identifiers": [
                        {
                            "type": "ISSN",
                            "value": "2456-5660",
                            "medium": "electronic"
                        }
                    ],
                    "volume": "03",
                    "issue": "02",
                    "pages": {
                        "first": "21",
                        "last": "31"
                    }
                },
                "links": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/166",
                        "return_type": "text/html",
                        "primary": true
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/166/144",
                        "purpose": "text-mining",
                        "return_type": "application/pdf"
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/166/3401",
                        "purpose": "text-mining",
                        "return_type": "application/xml"
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/166/144",
                        "purpose": "similarity-checking"
                    }
                ],
                "abstract": {
                    "value": "In the recent development in civil engineering geopolymer is a binder like cement used to produce concrete to get sustainable durable concrete.The worldwide consumption of concrete is estimated to be aboutbillion tons per year. Due to the increase in infrastructural developments, the demand for concrete would increase in the future. The main objective of the study is to look into the shear behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete beams. Test specimens of 1200 mm ×150 mm × 100 mm size were used for the study. A 20-30% of Fly ash by the mass was replaced by GGBS. The variable used were percentage of steel fibre by volume fraction, viz., 0.0%, 0.5%, and 1%, and basalt fibre volume fraction, viz., 0.0%, 0.15%,and 0.3%. The concentration of sodium hydroxide was 12 Molar and 14 Molar in geopolymer concrete. For curing, temperature was fixed as 600C for 24 hours. The geopolymer specimens were cured by using steam curing chamber. The specimens were cured after the rest period of three days. A trail and error process was used to obtain proper mixture proportion for geopoymer concrete. The specimens were tested after the age of 7 days. The obtained results of Fly ash and GGBS -based hybrid fibre geopolymer concrete (F&GHGPC) specimens were compared with the only Fly ash-based hybrid fibre geopolymer concrete (FHGPC) specimens. Test results show that first crack load, ultimate load, energy absorption capacity, experimental shear strength and ductile characteristic of F&GHGPC geopolymer concrete specimens were higher than the FHGPC geopolymer concretespecimens",
                    "lang": "en"
                },
                "license": {
                    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
                    "start": "2018-03-01",
                    "applies_to": "vor"
                },
                "references": [
                    {
                        "key": "ref1",
                        "doi": "10.17485/ijst/2012/v5i3.8",
                        "unstructured": "Abdul Aleem and Arumairaj P.D., (2012), mix for the geopolymer concrete”, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol.5, No.3, pp.65-71"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref2",
                        "doi": "10.14355/ijmme.2014.0303.02",
                        "unstructured": "Ambily, Madheswaran, Sharmila, Muthiah, (2011), “Experimental and analytical investigations on shear behaviour of reinforced geopolymer concrete beams”, International journals of civil and structural engineering, Volume 2,No:2, pp.122-128 matrices”,Composites: Part B 67, pp. 233–238"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref3",
                        "unstructured": "Davidovits.J (1994), “Properties Of Geopolymer Cements”, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Alkaline Cements and Concretes, KIEV Ukraine, pp.131-149"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref4",
                        "doi": "10.5539/mas.v2n4p3",
                        "unstructured": "Djwantoro Hardjito, Chua Chung Cheak, Carrie Ho Lee Ing, (2008), “Strength and Setting Times of Low Calcium Fly Ash-based Geopolymer Mortar”, Curtin University of Technology, Volume 2,no.4, pp. 357-362. 5.Fadhil Nuruddin.M, Samuel Demie, Fareed Ahmed.M and Nasir Shafiq, (2011), “Effect of 0Superplasticizer and NaOH Molarity on Workability, Compressive Strength and Microstructure Properties of Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, pp.163-171"
                    }
                ],
                "record": {
                    "registrant": "Longman Publishers",
                    "registered": "2026-09-07",
                    "updated": "2026-09-20",
                    "issue_number": 1,
                    "source": "crossref-api",
                    "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
                }
            },
            "url_after": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/166",
            "sha256_before": null,
            "sha256_after": "8d5b390ffd59bef11137b83135c6c317c29d99ce65a6389e816e93234b5d6b81"
        },
        {
            "seq": 2,
            "kind": "update",
            "at": "2026-09-29 23:59:52",
            "by": "Administrator (admin)",
            "by_kind": "user",
            "note": "record re-read from api.crossref.org",
            "changes": [
                {
                    "path": "container.titles.0.value",
                    "from": "Journal of Science &amp; Technology",
                    "to": "Journal of Science & Technology"
                }
            ],
            "record_after": {
                "format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
                "doi": "10.46243/jstj.2018.v3.i2.166",
                "referent": "Creation",
                "type": "JournalArticle",
                "structural_type": "Digital",
                "modes": [
                    "Visual"
                ],
                "characters": [
                    "Language"
                ],
                "titles": [
                    {
                        "value": "Strengh Properties Of Geopolimer Concrete",
                        "type": "PrincipalTitle",
                        "lang": "en"
                    }
                ],
                "identifiers": [
                    {
                        "type": "DOI",
                        "value": "10.46243/jstj.2018.v3.i2.166"
                    }
                ],
                "agents": [
                    {
                        "role": "author",
                        "name": {
                            "given": "",
                            "family": "P Avinash"
                        },
                        "sequence": "first"
                    },
                    {
                        "role": "author",
                        "name": {
                            "given": "C. Selin",
                            "family": "Ravikumar"
                        },
                        "sequence": "additional"
                    },
                    {
                        "role": "author",
                        "name": {
                            "given": "T.S.",
                            "family": "Thandavamoorthy"
                        },
                        "sequence": "additional"
                    },
                    {
                        "role": "publisher",
                        "name": {
                            "org": "Longman Publishers"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "dates": {
                    "published": "2018-03-01",
                    "date_type": "PublicationDate",
                    "online": "2018-03-01"
                },
                "language": "en",
                "container": {
                    "type": "Journal",
                    "titles": [
                        {
                            "value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
                            "type": "PrincipalTitle"
                        }
                    ],
                    "identifiers": [
                        {
                            "type": "ISSN",
                            "value": "2456-5660",
                            "medium": "electronic"
                        }
                    ],
                    "volume": "03",
                    "issue": "02",
                    "pages": {
                        "first": "21",
                        "last": "31"
                    }
                },
                "links": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/166",
                        "return_type": "text/html",
                        "primary": true
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/166/144",
                        "purpose": "text-mining",
                        "return_type": "application/pdf"
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/166/3401",
                        "purpose": "text-mining",
                        "return_type": "application/xml"
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/166/144",
                        "purpose": "similarity-checking"
                    }
                ],
                "abstract": {
                    "value": "In the recent development in civil engineering geopolymer is a binder like cement used to produce concrete to get sustainable durable concrete.The worldwide consumption of concrete is estimated to be aboutbillion tons per year. Due to the increase in infrastructural developments, the demand for concrete would increase in the future. The main objective of the study is to look into the shear behaviour of hybrid fibre reinforced geopolymer concrete beams. Test specimens of 1200 mm ×150 mm × 100 mm size were used for the study. A 20-30% of Fly ash by the mass was replaced by GGBS. The variable used were percentage of steel fibre by volume fraction, viz., 0.0%, 0.5%, and 1%, and basalt fibre volume fraction, viz., 0.0%, 0.15%,and 0.3%. The concentration of sodium hydroxide was 12 Molar and 14 Molar in geopolymer concrete. For curing, temperature was fixed as 600C for 24 hours. The geopolymer specimens were cured by using steam curing chamber. The specimens were cured after the rest period of three days. A trail and error process was used to obtain proper mixture proportion for geopoymer concrete. The specimens were tested after the age of 7 days. The obtained results of Fly ash and GGBS -based hybrid fibre geopolymer concrete (F&GHGPC) specimens were compared with the only Fly ash-based hybrid fibre geopolymer concrete (FHGPC) specimens. Test results show that first crack load, ultimate load, energy absorption capacity, experimental shear strength and ductile characteristic of F&GHGPC geopolymer concrete specimens were higher than the FHGPC geopolymer concretespecimens",
                    "lang": "en"
                },
                "license": {
                    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
                    "start": "2018-03-01",
                    "applies_to": "vor"
                },
                "references": [
                    {
                        "key": "ref1",
                        "doi": "10.17485/ijst/2012/v5i3.8",
                        "unstructured": "Abdul Aleem and Arumairaj P.D., (2012), mix for the geopolymer concrete”, Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol.5, No.3, pp.65-71"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref2",
                        "doi": "10.14355/ijmme.2014.0303.02",
                        "unstructured": "Ambily, Madheswaran, Sharmila, Muthiah, (2011), “Experimental and analytical investigations on shear behaviour of reinforced geopolymer concrete beams”, International journals of civil and structural engineering, Volume 2,No:2, pp.122-128 matrices”,Composites: Part B 67, pp. 233–238"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref3",
                        "unstructured": "Davidovits.J (1994), “Properties Of Geopolymer Cements”, Proceedings of 1st International Conference on Alkaline Cements and Concretes, KIEV Ukraine, pp.131-149"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref4",
                        "doi": "10.5539/mas.v2n4p3",
                        "unstructured": "Djwantoro Hardjito, Chua Chung Cheak, Carrie Ho Lee Ing, (2008), “Strength and Setting Times of Low Calcium Fly Ash-based Geopolymer Mortar”, Curtin University of Technology, Volume 2,no.4, pp. 357-362. 5.Fadhil Nuruddin.M, Samuel Demie, Fareed Ahmed.M and Nasir Shafiq, (2011), “Effect of 0Superplasticizer and NaOH Molarity on Workability, Compressive Strength and Microstructure Properties of Self-Compacting Geopolymer Concrete”, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, pp.163-171"
                    }
                ],
                "record": {
                    "registrant": "Longman Publishers",
                    "registered": "2026-09-07",
                    "updated": "2026-09-20",
                    "issue_number": 1,
                    "source": "crossref-api",
                    "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
                }
            },
            "url_after": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/166",
            "sha256_before": "8d5b390ffd59bef11137b83135c6c317c29d99ce65a6389e816e93234b5d6b81",
            "sha256_after": "e7bbd86dfbb5ff24e2089b7fb7540d63b28c5d56774a840213e906401b00ed27"
        }
    ]
}