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                "abstract": {
                    "value": "Artemether-Lumefantrine medication is becoming less effective in treating simple cases of malaria in many places where the disease is prevalent. Worldwide, plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax parasite tolerance, recrudescence, and resistance are on the rise. Our objective was to assess the rate of Artemether-Lumefantrine (Coartem) treatment failure in persons presenting with uncomplicated malaria at health facilities. From April 1, 2022, to June 30, 2022, 166 patients with positive malaria test results attended health facilities as part of this descriptive cross-sectional research. A total of 9.6% of malaria patients did not show improvement after receiving corticosteroids; 6.0% had plasmodium falciparum, 2.4% plasmodium vivax, and 1.2 had a mixed infection. Among those who did not take the medication with the fatty meal, 31% tested positive for malaria after two weeks of receiving coartem. Additionally, 25% of those who did not follow the treatmentschedule had not eradicated the parasite, even thoughthey received coartem. Nearly a third of patients were given Coartem without going through malaria testing, according to the data. In adults in Khartoum state, Sudan, the effectiveness of Artemether-Lumefantrine for treating uncomplicated malaria is declining. To determine how often treatments fail and what variables contribute to drugs having less of an effect, prospective trials are required. Pharmacists should not provide antimalarial medication without a doctor's order and a positive blood test for malaria.",
                    "lang": "en"
                },
                "license": {
                    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
                    "start": "2025-08-02",
                    "applies_to": "vor"
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                "references": [
                    {
                        "key": "ref1",
                        "unstructured": "Malaria. 2020. World Health Organization (WHO). 14. The United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) website provides information about malaria. Malaria Indicator Survey i n Sudan in 2018. 2018 on behalf of the Federal Ministry of Health in Khartoum, Sudan & CNCDCD. This report may be seen at: https://web archive.lshtm.ac.uk/www.linkmalaria.org/sites/link/files/content/coun try/profiles/Sudan%20PR%20risk%20map%20Final%20Report--- 2018.pdf"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref2",
                        "doi": "10.1172/jci21682",
                        "unstructured": "White NJ. Drug resistance in malaria. Volume 113, Issue 8, Pages 1084–1092, Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2004. doi:10.1172/JCI21682"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref3",
                        "unstructured": "The country's health ministry. Malaria treatment regimen for the country in 2017. The publica tion, \"Sudan: Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol 2017,\" is accessible at: https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/sudan-19"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref4",
                        "doi": "10.1186/1475-2875-11-280",
                        "unstructured": "John GK, Douglas NM, von Seidlein L, Nosten F, Baird JK, White NJ, and others published a study. An analysis of the literature on primaquine radical treatment for Plasmodium vivax. Published in 2012, the article may be accessed online at doi:10.1186/1475-2875-11-280"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref5",
                        "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0154618",
                        "unstructured": "The authors of the article are Nega, Assefa, Mohamed, Solomon, Woyessa, Assefa Y, and Assefa A. In Metehara, Eastern Ethiopia, a regulatory clinical trial examined the therapeutic effectiveness of artemether lumefantrine (Coartem®) in treating uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria. \"Plos One\" published in 2016 with the DOI 10.1371/jou rnal.pone.0154618"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref6",
                        "doi": "10.1186/s41182-018-0096-7",
                        "unstructured": "Authors: Rakotonandrasana DH, Tsukahara T, Yamamoto-Mitani N. A qualitative research in Madagascar on Page | 66 healthcare personnel' prescription antimalarial drugs when malaria testing comes out negative. Public Health in Tropical Regions. 2018;46:1-9. doi:10.1186/s41182-018-0096-7"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref7",
                        "doi": "10.1186/1475-2875-8-s1-s4",
                        "unstructured": "Citation: Djimdé A, Lefèvre G. Understanding the pharmacokinetics of Coartem®. The article \"Malar J.\" was published in 2009 and can be found online at doi:10.1186/1475-2875-8-S1-S4"
                    }
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