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In recent years, the engineering profession and the bodies responsible for accrediting engineering programs have called for change. This paper discusses the application of problem-based and project-based learning to engineering education, examines the difference between them. It reviews some examples of where they have been used to date and discusses the effectiveness and relevance of each method for engineering education.", "lang": "en" }, "license": { "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "start": "2021-12-28", "applies_to": "vor" }, "references": [ { "key": "ref1", "unstructured": "Henshaw, R., Desirable attributes for professional engineers. In Agnew, J.B. & Creswell, C. (Eds.) Broadening Horizons of Engineering Education, 3rd Annual conference of Australasian Association for Engineering Education. 15-18 December, 1991. 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Chemical Engineering Education, 34, 2, 108- 117, (2000)" }, { "key": "ref19", "doi": "10.1080/0729436930120203", "unstructured": "Feletti, G., Inquiry based and problem based learning: How similar are these approaches to nursing and medical education? Higher Education Research and Development, 12, 2, 143-156, (1993)" }, { "key": "ref20", "doi": "10.1080/713699144", "unstructured": "Perrenet, J.C., Bouhuijs, P.A.J. & Smits, J.G.M.M., The suitability of problem-based learning for engineering education: theory and practice. Teaching in higher education, 5, 3, 345-358, (2000)" }, { "key": "ref21", "doi": "10.1080/03043799608923395", "unstructured": "Heitmann, G. Project-oriented study and project-organized curricula: A brief review of intentions and solutions. European Journal of Engineering Education 21, 2, 121-131, (1996)" }, { "key": "ref22", "unstructured": "Clausen, T., Project work as an integrating and revenue-making tool. International Conference on Engineering Education, Rio de Janeiro, August 17-20, 1998. Paper 118, (1998). Available at http://www.ctc.puc-rio.br/icee-98/Icee/papers/118.pdf" }, { "key": "ref23", "doi": "10.1002/tl.37219956108", "unstructured": "Pavelich, M.J. et al. Real-world problem solving in Freshman Sophomore Engineering. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 61, 45-54, (1995)" }, { "key": "ref24", "doi": "10.1145/235688.235692", "unstructured": "Rosenbaum, D.B., Schools erase chalk-and-talk. Engineering News-Record, 24-30, (1996, September 2)" }, { "key": "ref25", "doi": "10.1080/03043799608923397", "unstructured": "Kolmos, A., Reflections on project work and problem-based learning. European Journal of Engineering Education, 21, 2, 141-148, (1996)" }, { "key": "ref26", "doi": "10.1109/fie.1999.839084", "unstructured": "Fink, F.K., Integration of engineering practice into curriculum-25 years of experience with problem based learning. In 29th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, November 10-13, 1999, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Session 11a2, 7-12, (1999). Available at http://fie.engrng.pitt.edu/fie99/" }, { "key": "ref27", "doi": "10.1080/03043799408923285", "unstructured": "Kjersdam, F., Tomorrow's engineering education-The Aalborg experiment. European Journal of Engineering Education, 19, 2, 197-203, (1994)" }, { "key": "ref28", "unstructured": "Creese, R., A project-centred engineering program. Engineering education, 78, 2, 100-104, (1987)" }, { "key": "ref29", "unstructured": "Hadgraft, R.G. and Young, W., Teaching Strategy. Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, (1998). Available on line at http://cleo.eng.monash.edu.au/teaching/vision/strategy.htm" }, { "key": "ref30", "unstructured": "Wolfs, P.J., Howard, P., Vann, A. & Edwards, R., A response to the national engineering education review, BE2001-A project based engineering degree. In J. Conway, R. Fisher, L. Sheridan-Burns & G. Ryan (Eds.) Research and development in problem based learning. Vol 4, University of Newcastle, NSW., 674-681, (1997)" }, { "key": "ref31", "unstructured": "Hendy, P.L. & Hadgraft, R.G., Evaluating problem-based learning in Civil th Engineering. In 13 Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education, 30 Sept–2 Oct, 2002, Canberra, Australia. pp. 133-138, (2002)" }, { "key": "ref32", "doi": "10.18260/1-2--11062", "unstructured": "Mills, J.E., A case study of project-based learning in structural engineering, In 2002 American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) Annual conference, June 16-19, Montreal, Canada. On-line at http://www.asee.org/conferences/caps/document2/2002- 51" } ], "record": { "registrant": "Longman Publishers", "registered": "2026-09-08", "updated": "2026-09-20", "issue_number": 1, "source": "crossref-api", "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)" } }, "url_after": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/556", "sha256_before": null, "sha256_after": "bc8856d0a3f5cc8a9a7622b23a4a1c25127161f6e1e751b58e9de9c3a507f242" }, { "seq": 2, "kind": "update", "at": "2026-09-29 23:59:57", "by": "Administrator (admin)", "by_kind": "user", "note": "record re-read from api.crossref.org", "changes": [ { "path": "container.titles.0.value", "from": "Journal of Science & Technology", "to": "Journal of Science & Technology" } ], "record_after": { "format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0", "doi": "10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i06.pp193-205", "referent": "Creation", "type": "JournalArticle", "structural_type": "Digital", "modes": [ "Visual" ], "characters": [ "Language" ], "titles": [ { "value": "ENGINEERING EDUCATION – IS PROBLEMBASED OR PROJECT-BASED LEARNING THE ANSWER?", "type": "PrincipalTitle", "lang": "en" } ], "identifiers": [ { "type": "DOI", "value": "10.46243/jst.2021.v6.i06.pp193-205" } ], "agents": [ { "role": "author", "name": { "given": "", "family": "V David" }, "sequence": "first" }, { "role": "author", "name": { "given": "", "family": "D Rajeev Naik" }, "sequence": "additional" }, { "role": "publisher", "name": { "org": "Longman Publishers" } } ], "dates": { "published": "2021-12-28", "date_type": "PublicationDate", "online": "2021-12-28" }, "language": "en", "container": { "type": "Journal", "titles": [ { "value": "Journal of Science & Technology", "type": "PrincipalTitle" } ], "identifiers": [ { "type": "ISSN", "value": "2456-5660", "medium": "electronic" } ], "volume": "06", "issue": "06", "pages": { "first": "193", "last": "205" } }, "links": [ { "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/556", "return_type": "text/html", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/556/494", "purpose": "text-mining", "return_type": "application/pdf" }, { "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/556/2534", "purpose": "text-mining", "return_type": "application/xml" }, { "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/556/494", "purpose": "similarity-checking" } ], "abstract": { "value": "The dominant pedagogy for engineering education still remains ‚chalk and talk‛, despite the large body of education research that demonstrates its ineffectiveness. In recent years, the engineering profession and the bodies responsible for accrediting engineering programs have called for change. This paper discusses the application of problem-based and project-based learning to engineering education, examines the difference between them. It reviews some examples of where they have been used to date and discusses the effectiveness and relevance of each method for engineering education.", "lang": "en" }, "license": { "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "start": "2021-12-28", "applies_to": "vor" }, "references": [ { "key": "ref1", "unstructured": "Henshaw, R., Desirable attributes for professional engineers. In Agnew, J.B. & Creswell, C. (Eds.) Broadening Horizons of Engineering Education, 3rd Annual conference of Australasian Association for Engineering Education. 15-18 December, 1991. 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International Conference on Engineering Education, Rio de Janeiro, August 17-20, 1998. Paper 118, (1998). Available at http://www.ctc.puc-rio.br/icee-98/Icee/papers/118.pdf" }, { "key": "ref23", "doi": "10.1002/tl.37219956108", "unstructured": "Pavelich, M.J. et al. Real-world problem solving in Freshman Sophomore Engineering. New Directions for Teaching and Learning, 61, 45-54, (1995)" }, { "key": "ref24", "doi": "10.1145/235688.235692", "unstructured": "Rosenbaum, D.B., Schools erase chalk-and-talk. Engineering News-Record, 24-30, (1996, September 2)" }, { "key": "ref25", "doi": "10.1080/03043799608923397", "unstructured": "Kolmos, A., Reflections on project work and problem-based learning. European Journal of Engineering Education, 21, 2, 141-148, (1996)" }, { "key": "ref26", "doi": "10.1109/fie.1999.839084", "unstructured": "Fink, F.K., Integration of engineering practice into curriculum-25 years of experience with problem based learning. In 29th ASEE/IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, November 10-13, 1999, San Juan, Puerto Rico. Session 11a2, 7-12, (1999). Available at http://fie.engrng.pitt.edu/fie99/" }, { "key": "ref27", "doi": "10.1080/03043799408923285", "unstructured": "Kjersdam, F., Tomorrow's engineering education-The Aalborg experiment. European Journal of Engineering Education, 19, 2, 197-203, (1994)" }, { "key": "ref28", "unstructured": "Creese, R., A project-centred engineering program. Engineering education, 78, 2, 100-104, (1987)" }, { "key": "ref29", "unstructured": "Hadgraft, R.G. and Young, W., Teaching Strategy. Department of Civil Engineering, Monash University, (1998). Available on line at http://cleo.eng.monash.edu.au/teaching/vision/strategy.htm" }, { "key": "ref30", "unstructured": "Wolfs, P.J., Howard, P., Vann, A. & Edwards, R., A response to the national engineering education review, BE2001-A project based engineering degree. In J. Conway, R. Fisher, L. Sheridan-Burns & G. Ryan (Eds.) Research and development in problem based learning. Vol 4, University of Newcastle, NSW., 674-681, (1997)" }, { "key": "ref31", "unstructured": "Hendy, P.L. & Hadgraft, R.G., Evaluating problem-based learning in Civil th Engineering. In 13 Annual Conference of the Australasian Association for Engineering Education, 30 Sept–2 Oct, 2002, Canberra, Australia. pp. 133-138, (2002)" }, { "key": "ref32", "doi": "10.18260/1-2--11062", "unstructured": "Mills, J.E., A case study of project-based learning in structural engineering, In 2002 American Society for Engineering Education (ASEE) Annual conference, June 16-19, Montreal, Canada. 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