{
    "ok": true,
    "doi": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i4.pp106-128",
    "events": [
        {
            "seq": 1,
            "kind": "register",
            "at": "2026-09-29 22:00:22",
            "by": "Administrator (admin)",
            "by_kind": "user",
            "note": "registered at Crossref; record read from api.crossref.org",
            "changes": [
                {
                    "path": "abstract.lang",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "en"
                },
                {
                    "path": "abstract.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Globalization and urbanization growth are disbalancing the nature by creating technology and by increasing population respectively. Population growth is generating trash including the non-renewable ones. Use and throw objects came into existence and as a result, created wastes. After decades, the waste is generating beyond limits that it has created the mountain like piles in the landfills, which is creating hazards for the environment and human health. A better approach to reduce the waste is to recycle and reuse them as an alternative solution to building material industry. The question which arises here is that if wastes should be recycled or reused; what all are the waste materials which can be reused in building material industry without harming the environment. The recycling of waste materials produces lot of demerits to environment and human health. Polyethylene and rubber tires are being used in preparing the roads, plastic bottles are being used to build walls, fly ash is used in bricks etc. measures are being taken. The research paper will try to do a detailed SWOT analysis to find a suitable reusable waste material for building material industry, which will be environment friendly. The plastic waste, construction demolition waste and transport industry waste are the wastes that can be reused as building materials. The 3 wastes have the ability to withstand calamities and loads, are easy to build with, cheap, clean and has passed the structural tests. The paper intends to provide the information regarding the construction with the help of the 3 materials. This approach will help to manage the waste, build a sustainable environment, lower the greenhouse gases, maintain the natural resources etc."
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.0.name.org",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Longman Publishers"
                },
                {
                    "path": "agents.0.role",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "publisher"
                },
                {
                    "path": "characters.0",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Language"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.identifiers.0.medium",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "electronic"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.identifiers.0.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ISSN"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.identifiers.0.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2456-5660"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.issue",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Volume 5"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.pages.first",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "106"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.pages.last",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "128"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.titles.0.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "PrincipalTitle"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.titles.0.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Journal of Science & Technology"
                },
                {
                    "path": "container.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Journal"
                },
                {
                    "path": "dates.date_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "PublicationDate"
                },
                {
                    "path": "dates.online",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2020-07-30"
                },
                {
                    "path": "dates.published",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2020-07-30"
                },
                {
                    "path": "doi",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i4.pp106-128"
                },
                {
                    "path": "format",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0"
                },
                {
                    "path": "identifiers.0.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "DOI"
                },
                {
                    "path": "identifiers.0.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i4.pp106-128"
                },
                {
                    "path": "language",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "en"
                },
                {
                    "path": "license.applies_to",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "vor"
                },
                {
                    "path": "license.start",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2020-07-30"
                },
                {
                    "path": "license.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.0.primary",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": true
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.0.return_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "text/html"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.0.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/538"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.1.purpose",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "text-mining"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.1.return_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "application/pdf"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.1.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/538/478"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.2.purpose",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "text-mining"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.2.return_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "application/xml"
                },
                {
                    "path": "links.2.url",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/538/3095"
                },
                {
                    "path": "modes.0",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Visual"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.issue_number",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": 1
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.registered",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2020-07-30"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.registrant",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Longman Publishers"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.source",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "crossref-api"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.source_agency",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Crossref (member 25296)"
                },
                {
                    "path": "record.updated",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "2026-09-17"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.0.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref1"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.0.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Adam. (2020, january 10). Hug it forward. Retrieved from quisaya: https://hugitforward.org/quisaya/"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.1.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref2"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.1.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Cindy, s. (2010). The ark in the park. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.2.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref3"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.2.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Elizabeth. (2011). BUVAD project in Kayunga, Kampla. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.3.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref4"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.3.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Elizabeth, M. A. (2010). Pollution: Treating Environmental Toxins. New York: infobase Publishing, 120"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.4.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref5"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.4.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Mokhtar. (2015). Application of plastic bottle as a wall structure for green house. ARPN journal of engineering and applied sciences, 1-5. Retrieved february 04, 2020"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.5.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref6"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.5.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Orji, S. (2019, january 18). TRT world. Retrieved from How discarded plastic bottles are turned into affordable houses in Nigeria: https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/how-discarded-plastic-bottles-are-turned-into-affordable-houses-in-nigeria- 23426"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.6.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref7"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.6.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Paula, A. (2010, march 24). Treehugger. Retrieved from Lawyer Turned Architect Builds Recycled Homes for People in Need, Will Travel to Haiti: https://www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/lawyer-turned-architect-builds-recycledhomes-for-people-in-need-will-travel-to-haiti.html"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.7.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref8"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.7.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Pratima, p. (2016). Waste plastic bottles offering innovative building materials with sustainable application. International Journal of Innovative and Emerging Research in Engineering, 1-8"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.8.key",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "ref9"
                },
                {
                    "path": "references.8.unstructured",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Rethinking, f. (2007). Manav Sadhna by Yatin Pandya. Retrieved from rethinking the future: https://www.rethinkingthefuture.com/architecture/housing/manav-sadhna-by-yatin-pandya/"
                },
                {
                    "path": "referent",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Creation"
                },
                {
                    "path": "structural_type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Digital"
                },
                {
                    "path": "titles.0.lang",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "en"
                },
                {
                    "path": "titles.0.type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "PrincipalTitle"
                },
                {
                    "path": "titles.0.value",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "Alternative Building Materials from Waste"
                },
                {
                    "path": "type",
                    "from": null,
                    "to": "JournalArticle"
                }
            ],
            "record_after": {
                "format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
                "doi": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i4.pp106-128",
                "referent": "Creation",
                "type": "JournalArticle",
                "structural_type": "Digital",
                "modes": [
                    "Visual"
                ],
                "characters": [
                    "Language"
                ],
                "titles": [
                    {
                        "value": "Alternative Building Materials from Waste",
                        "type": "PrincipalTitle",
                        "lang": "en"
                    }
                ],
                "identifiers": [
                    {
                        "type": "DOI",
                        "value": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i4.pp106-128"
                    }
                ],
                "agents": [
                    {
                        "role": "publisher",
                        "name": {
                            "org": "Longman Publishers"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "dates": {
                    "published": "2020-07-30",
                    "date_type": "PublicationDate",
                    "online": "2020-07-30"
                },
                "language": "en",
                "container": {
                    "type": "Journal",
                    "titles": [
                        {
                            "value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
                            "type": "PrincipalTitle"
                        }
                    ],
                    "identifiers": [
                        {
                            "type": "ISSN",
                            "value": "2456-5660",
                            "medium": "electronic"
                        }
                    ],
                    "issue": "Volume 5",
                    "pages": {
                        "first": "106",
                        "last": "128"
                    }
                },
                "links": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/538",
                        "return_type": "text/html",
                        "primary": true
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/538/478",
                        "purpose": "text-mining",
                        "return_type": "application/pdf"
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/538/3095",
                        "purpose": "text-mining",
                        "return_type": "application/xml"
                    }
                ],
                "abstract": {
                    "value": "Globalization and urbanization growth are disbalancing the nature by creating technology and by increasing population respectively. Population growth is generating trash including the non-renewable ones. Use and throw objects came into existence and as a result, created wastes. After decades, the waste is generating beyond limits that it has created the mountain like piles in the landfills, which is creating hazards for the environment and human health. A better approach to reduce the waste is to recycle and reuse them as an alternative solution to building material industry. The question which arises here is that if wastes should be recycled or reused; what all are the waste materials which can be reused in building material industry without harming the environment. The recycling of waste materials produces lot of demerits to environment and human health. Polyethylene and rubber tires are being used in preparing the roads, plastic bottles are being used to build walls, fly ash is used in bricks etc. measures are being taken. The research paper will try to do a detailed SWOT analysis to find a suitable reusable waste material for building material industry, which will be environment friendly. The plastic waste, construction demolition waste and transport industry waste are the wastes that can be reused as building materials. The 3 wastes have the ability to withstand calamities and loads, are easy to build with, cheap, clean and has passed the structural tests. The paper intends to provide the information regarding the construction with the help of the 3 materials. This approach will help to manage the waste, build a sustainable environment, lower the greenhouse gases, maintain the natural resources etc.",
                    "lang": "en"
                },
                "license": {
                    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
                    "start": "2020-07-30",
                    "applies_to": "vor"
                },
                "references": [
                    {
                        "key": "ref1",
                        "unstructured": "Adam. (2020, january 10). Hug it forward. Retrieved from quisaya: https://hugitforward.org/quisaya/"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref2",
                        "unstructured": "Cindy, s. (2010). The ark in the park. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref3",
                        "unstructured": "Elizabeth. (2011). BUVAD project in Kayunga, Kampla. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref4",
                        "unstructured": "Elizabeth, M. A. (2010). Pollution: Treating Environmental Toxins. New York: infobase Publishing, 120"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref5",
                        "unstructured": "Mokhtar. (2015). Application of plastic bottle as a wall structure for green house. ARPN journal of engineering and applied sciences, 1-5. Retrieved february 04, 2020"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref6",
                        "unstructured": "Orji, S. (2019, january 18). TRT world. Retrieved from How discarded plastic bottles are turned into affordable houses in Nigeria: https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/how-discarded-plastic-bottles-are-turned-into-affordable-houses-in-nigeria- 23426"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref7",
                        "unstructured": "Paula, A. (2010, march 24). Treehugger. Retrieved from Lawyer Turned Architect Builds Recycled Homes for People in Need, Will Travel to Haiti: https://www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/lawyer-turned-architect-builds-recycledhomes-for-people-in-need-will-travel-to-haiti.html"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref8",
                        "unstructured": "Pratima, p. (2016). Waste plastic bottles offering innovative building materials with sustainable application. International Journal of Innovative and Emerging Research in Engineering, 1-8"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref9",
                        "unstructured": "Rethinking, f. (2007). Manav Sadhna by Yatin Pandya. Retrieved from rethinking the future: https://www.rethinkingthefuture.com/architecture/housing/manav-sadhna-by-yatin-pandya/"
                    }
                ],
                "record": {
                    "registrant": "Longman Publishers",
                    "registered": "2020-07-30",
                    "updated": "2026-09-17",
                    "issue_number": 1,
                    "source": "crossref-api",
                    "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
                }
            },
            "url_after": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/538",
            "sha256_before": null,
            "sha256_after": "6518d687816eee98572bf93dad8320633262ad30156c4bfbc0d95df5999d5ae4"
        },
        {
            "seq": 2,
            "kind": "update",
            "at": "2026-09-29 23:59:41",
            "by": "Administrator (admin)",
            "by_kind": "user",
            "note": "record re-read from api.crossref.org",
            "changes": [
                {
                    "path": "container.titles.0.value",
                    "from": "Journal of Science & Technology",
                    "to": "Journal of Science & Technology"
                }
            ],
            "record_after": {
                "format": "smartscholars-doi-metadata/1.0",
                "doi": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i4.pp106-128",
                "referent": "Creation",
                "type": "JournalArticle",
                "structural_type": "Digital",
                "modes": [
                    "Visual"
                ],
                "characters": [
                    "Language"
                ],
                "titles": [
                    {
                        "value": "Alternative Building Materials from Waste",
                        "type": "PrincipalTitle",
                        "lang": "en"
                    }
                ],
                "identifiers": [
                    {
                        "type": "DOI",
                        "value": "10.46243/jst.2020.v5.i4.pp106-128"
                    }
                ],
                "agents": [
                    {
                        "role": "publisher",
                        "name": {
                            "org": "Longman Publishers"
                        }
                    }
                ],
                "dates": {
                    "published": "2020-07-30",
                    "date_type": "PublicationDate",
                    "online": "2020-07-30"
                },
                "language": "en",
                "container": {
                    "type": "Journal",
                    "titles": [
                        {
                            "value": "Journal of Science & Technology",
                            "type": "PrincipalTitle"
                        }
                    ],
                    "identifiers": [
                        {
                            "type": "ISSN",
                            "value": "2456-5660",
                            "medium": "electronic"
                        }
                    ],
                    "issue": "Volume 5",
                    "pages": {
                        "first": "106",
                        "last": "128"
                    }
                },
                "links": [
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/538",
                        "return_type": "text/html",
                        "primary": true
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/538/478",
                        "purpose": "text-mining",
                        "return_type": "application/pdf"
                    },
                    {
                        "url": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/download/538/3095",
                        "purpose": "text-mining",
                        "return_type": "application/xml"
                    }
                ],
                "abstract": {
                    "value": "Globalization and urbanization growth are disbalancing the nature by creating technology and by increasing population respectively. Population growth is generating trash including the non-renewable ones. Use and throw objects came into existence and as a result, created wastes. After decades, the waste is generating beyond limits that it has created the mountain like piles in the landfills, which is creating hazards for the environment and human health. A better approach to reduce the waste is to recycle and reuse them as an alternative solution to building material industry. The question which arises here is that if wastes should be recycled or reused; what all are the waste materials which can be reused in building material industry without harming the environment. The recycling of waste materials produces lot of demerits to environment and human health. Polyethylene and rubber tires are being used in preparing the roads, plastic bottles are being used to build walls, fly ash is used in bricks etc. measures are being taken. The research paper will try to do a detailed SWOT analysis to find a suitable reusable waste material for building material industry, which will be environment friendly. The plastic waste, construction demolition waste and transport industry waste are the wastes that can be reused as building materials. The 3 wastes have the ability to withstand calamities and loads, are easy to build with, cheap, clean and has passed the structural tests. The paper intends to provide the information regarding the construction with the help of the 3 materials. This approach will help to manage the waste, build a sustainable environment, lower the greenhouse gases, maintain the natural resources etc.",
                    "lang": "en"
                },
                "license": {
                    "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0",
                    "start": "2020-07-30",
                    "applies_to": "vor"
                },
                "references": [
                    {
                        "key": "ref1",
                        "unstructured": "Adam. (2020, january 10). Hug it forward. Retrieved from quisaya: https://hugitforward.org/quisaya/"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref2",
                        "unstructured": "Cindy, s. (2010). The ark in the park. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref3",
                        "unstructured": "Elizabeth. (2011). BUVAD project in Kayunga, Kampla. International Journal of Engineering and Management Research"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref4",
                        "unstructured": "Elizabeth, M. A. (2010). Pollution: Treating Environmental Toxins. New York: infobase Publishing, 120"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref5",
                        "unstructured": "Mokhtar. (2015). Application of plastic bottle as a wall structure for green house. ARPN journal of engineering and applied sciences, 1-5. Retrieved february 04, 2020"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref6",
                        "unstructured": "Orji, S. (2019, january 18). TRT world. Retrieved from How discarded plastic bottles are turned into affordable houses in Nigeria: https://www.trtworld.com/magazine/how-discarded-plastic-bottles-are-turned-into-affordable-houses-in-nigeria- 23426"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref7",
                        "unstructured": "Paula, A. (2010, march 24). Treehugger. Retrieved from Lawyer Turned Architect Builds Recycled Homes for People in Need, Will Travel to Haiti: https://www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/lawyer-turned-architect-builds-recycledhomes-for-people-in-need-will-travel-to-haiti.html"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref8",
                        "unstructured": "Pratima, p. (2016). Waste plastic bottles offering innovative building materials with sustainable application. International Journal of Innovative and Emerging Research in Engineering, 1-8"
                    },
                    {
                        "key": "ref9",
                        "unstructured": "Rethinking, f. (2007). Manav Sadhna by Yatin Pandya. Retrieved from rethinking the future: https://www.rethinkingthefuture.com/architecture/housing/manav-sadhna-by-yatin-pandya/"
                    }
                ],
                "record": {
                    "registrant": "Longman Publishers",
                    "registered": "2020-07-30",
                    "updated": "2026-09-17",
                    "issue_number": 1,
                    "source": "crossref-api",
                    "source_agency": "Crossref (member 25296)"
                }
            },
            "url_after": "https://www.jst.org.in/index.php/pub/article/view/538",
            "sha256_before": "6518d687816eee98572bf93dad8320633262ad30156c4bfbc0d95df5999d5ae4",
            "sha256_after": "8f593852386bee53c0d8b3d1df23f99e8c7a5a8914b0699fca54ddaea0d91954"
        }
    ]
}